(500字以上,图文并茂)
一、实施过程
The people are the creators of history. They are the real heroes and the source of our strength. We are fully aware that the capability of any individual is limited, but as long as we unite as one like a fortress, there is no difficulty we cannot overcome. One can only work for a limited period of time, but there is no limit to serving the people with dedication.
译文:人民是历史的创造者,群众是真正的英雄。人民群众是我们力量的源泉。我们深深知道,每个人的力量是有限的,但只要我们万众一心、众志成城,就没有克服不了的困难;每个人的工作时间是有限的,但全心全意为人民服务是无限的。
教学内容:
1. Review (5 mins)
Is omission necessary in business English translation?
How to use omission in business English translation?
2. Lead-in (5 mins)
Exercise
e.g. Accounting includes the design of accounting systems, preparation of financial statements, audits, cost studies, development of forecasts, income tax work, computer applications to accounting processes, and the analysis and interpretation of accounting information as an aid to making business decisions.
译文:会计包括设计会计制度,准备财务报表、审计账目和成本研究报告,展开预测工作、个人所得税工作和计算机对会计程序的运用,分析和解释有助于制定商业决策的会计信息。
3. Explaining (40 mins)
ü 所谓词类转换翻译法,就是指在翻译中,将源语中属于一种词类的词语翻译成目的语中属于另一种词类的词语的翻译方法。(张新红,李明,2003:54)
ü 英语频繁使用名词,属名词化表达法(nominalization),而汉语频繁使用动词,属动词化表达法(verbalization),例如:
e.g. Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe.
原译:火箭已找到了宇宙探索的应用。
转换词性后:火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
• 此句中application 是由动词apply派生出来的,exploration由动词explore派生而来,在译成汉语时都可转化为动词。
ü 英汉翻译中,词类转换有以下几种情况:
(一)英语名词、介词、形容词或副词有转换成汉语动词的倾向;
ü 1.具有动作意义的英语名词转换为汉语动词(名词→动词)
• 英语中大量由动词派生的名词和具有动作意义的名词可转译成汉语动词。
e.g. For Westerners in China, the establishment of an effective team of managers means attracting — and retaining both expatriate and local management talent.
译文:对于生活在中国的西方人来说,建立一支有效的管理人员队伍意味着同时吸引并留住来自海外的管理人才和本地的管理人才。
ü 2.英语动名词转换为汉语动词(名词→动词)
e.g. One of our ways for getting heat is burning fuels.
译文:我们获得热的一种方法是燃烧燃料。
ü 3.英语形容词转换为汉语副词 (形容词+名词→副词+动词)
• 英语句中名词在翻译过程中转换为动词后,原来修饰名词的形容词,相应变换为副词。
e.g. All peace-loving people demand the complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons.
译文:一切爱好和平的人民都要求全面禁止核武器,彻底销毁核武器。
e.g. We must make full use of existing technical equipment.
译文:我们必须充分利用现有技术设备。
ü 4.英语形容词转换为汉语动词(形容词→动词)
• 有些英语中的形容词与系词构成复合谓语,译成汉语时转换为动词。这些英语形容词的涵义是表示思维、情感、欲望、知觉等心理状态。如:
e.g. Doctors have said that they are not sure they can save his life.
译文:医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。
ü 5.英语介词转换为汉语动词(介词→动词)
• 英语中有许多含有动作意味的介词,如across, past, along, toward 等,汉译时往往可以译成动词。 如:
e.g. “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch…
译文:“来啦!”她转身蹦着跳着地跑了,越过草地,跑上小径,跨上台阶,穿过凉台,进了门廊。
e.g. This computer is of high sensibility.
译文:这台计算器具有很高的灵敏度。
ü (二)英语动词、副词有转换成汉语名词、形容词的倾向;
ü 6.英语动词转换为汉语名词(动词→名词)
• 英语中有很多由名词派生的动词,以及由名词转用的动词,在汉语中往往找不到相应的动词,这时可将其译成汉语名词。例如:
e.g. Formality has always characterized their relationship.
译文一:礼节总是使他们的关系富于特色。
译文二:他们之间的关系,有一个特点,就是以礼相待。(动词→名词)
ü 7.英语副词转换为汉语形容词 (副词+动词→形容词+名词)
• 在翻译过程中,由于动词变为名词,原来修饰动词的副词,相应变为形容词。
e.g. Our proposal was warmly welcomed by all the representatives.
译文:我们的提议得到了全体代表的热烈欢迎。
ü 8.英语副词转换为汉语形容词(副词→形容词)
• 英语句中副词用在名词前或后,意义上相当于定语,译成汉语时这种副词变为形容词。
e.g. The power plant supplies the inhabitants sixty li about with electricity.
译文:这个电厂供电给周围六十里的居民。
ü (三)英语名词有转换成汉语动词、形容词、副词的倾向;
e.g. There is every possibility that some price cut will justify itself for an increase in business.
译文:一定程度的减价很有可能是通过增加销售量来平衡它。(形+名→副+形)
ü 9.英语名词转换为汉语形容词(名词→形容词)
• 英语中有些抽象名词前加不定冠词,用作表语时,常译作汉语中的形容词。例如:
e.g. The maiden voyage of the newly-built steamship was a success.
译文:那艘新建轮船的处女航是成功的。
ü (四)英语形容词有转换成汉语名词、动词的倾向。
ü 10.英语形容词转换为汉语名词(形容词→名词)
• 英语形容词转换为汉语名词,一般形容词前加定冠词。
e.g. After careful treatment the deaf have recovered their hearing.
译文:经过悉心治疗后,聋人恢复了他们的听觉。
4. Practice / Exercises (25 mins)
Practice on Conversion of Part of Speech:
1. We put forward for your consideration an offer for our new products, and hope you will take advantage of this opportunity.
2. The nation’s tax authorities have no authority to tax foreign corporations whose core business is not conducted in this country.
3. We contract interest rate swap agreements to manage our exposure to changes in interest rates and lower our overall costs of financing.
4. There is an over-supply because people have been putting their goods from stock on the market.
5. Discussion (10 mins)
How to apply the conversion of part of speech in business English translation?
6. Summary+Homework (5 mins)
Exercises
Grasp the business terms
二、取得成效
商务英语笔译教学设计中,教师将思政教育资源巧妙地内嵌到课程中,自然融合词类转换翻译法的专业教学与思政教育,以讲授专业知识为载体向学生传播正向价值观,努力做到立德树人与知识惠人、知识本位和人格本位相统一。
在社会主义核心价值观的正确引领下,学生不仅学到了翻译专业知识,还陶冶了爱国情操,身心受到洗礼,学习效果很好。
三、教学反思
商务英语笔译课程的思政教学应结合专业特色和课程特点,深入挖掘思想政治教育资源,将课程思政建设目标融入课程教学全过程,完善课程内容,改进教学方法,创新课程建设模式和方法路径。
接下来,应根据专业特点和课程目标,具体规划思政教学要点,在教学内容和教学方法上寻求进一步改革,努力实现专业课程知识讲授和思政元素的深度融合,将思想政治工作贯穿于专业课程建设的全过程。
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